Which part controls what enters and leaves a cell?

cell membrane. The membrane is partially permeable; the wall lets everything through.

Where does aerobic respiration happen?

mitochondria. Cells that need a lot of energy have many mitochondria.

Which structure is found in plant cells but not animal cells?

chloroplast. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

What is the job of ribosomes?

making proteins. Amino acids are joined into proteins at the ribosomes.

What is the cell wall of a plant cell made of?

cellulose. Cellulose makes the wall strong.

Cell structure · Edexcel IGCSE Biology 4BI1 revision

In plain words

Every living thing is built from cells, the way a house is built from bricks. Each cell is a tiny factory with parts that have their own jobs: a control room, a power supply, a gate. Plant cells have a few extra parts that animal cells don't.

Three things to know

Animal and plant cells both have a nucleus (controls the cell, holds the DNA), cytoplasm (where reactions happen), a cell membrane (controls what goes in and out), mitochondria (aerobic respiration) and ribosomes (make proteins).
Plant cells also have a cell wall of cellulose (support), chloroplasts (photosynthesis) and a large permanent vacuole full of cell sap.
A bacterial cell has a cell wall, membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes, but no nucleus: its DNA is a loop, with small extra rings called plasmids.

Tips and tricks

Three things only plant cells have: cell wall, chloroplasts, large vacuole. Three marks, learn them as a set.
The membrane controls what enters and leaves. The wall is for support and lets everything through. Don't swap them.

5 questions, about 2 minutes.

It lands in your notebook with its questions as flashcards.

Cell structure: 5 questions and answers

These are the quiz’s questions. Do the quiz first, then come back here for the ones that got you.

Which part controls what enters and leaves a cell?
- cell wall
- cell membrane (the answer)
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
The membrane is partially permeable; the wall lets everything through.
Where does aerobic respiration happen?
- ribosomes
- nucleus
- mitochondria (the answer)
- vacuole
Cells that need a lot of energy have many mitochondria.
Which structure is found in plant cells but not animal cells?
- nucleus
- cell membrane
- chloroplast (the answer)
- mitochondrion
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
What is the job of ribosomes?
- releasing energy
- making proteins (the answer)
- storing water
- controlling the cell
Amino acids are joined into proteins at the ribosomes.
What is the cell wall of a plant cell made of?
- protein
- starch
- cellulose (the answer)
- fat
Cellulose makes the wall strong.

5 questions

Tap an answer and you’ll see straight away whether it’s right, and why.

Worksheet

3 questions, 7 marks. Write your answers on paper, then check them.

Cell structure

Edexcel International GCSE Biology 4BI1 · 7 marks · papermunch.org

Name ______________________________ Date ______________

Name three structures found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell.[3]
Show answerHide answer
Cell wall, chloroplasts and a large (permanent) vacuole.
I got this one
State the function of mitochondria and of ribosomes.[2]
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Mitochondria: aerobic respiration (releasing energy). Ribosomes: making proteins.
I got this one
Explain why root cells do not contain chloroplasts.[2]
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They are underground and get no light, so they cannot photosynthesise.
I got this one

Answers: Cell structure

1. Cell wall, chloroplasts and a large (permanent) vacuole.
2. Mitochondria: aerobic respiration (releasing energy). Ribosomes: making proteins.
3. They are underground and get no light, so they cannot photosynthesise.